Each cell in human body has 46 chromosomes (23 from mother
and 23 from father) that are made from DNA or Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Not to
mention Genes that are short sections of DNA and each chromosome include
uncountable number of genes that contain information about the body structure
and need to make chemicals or proteins from the structure. It also plays a
pivotal role in processing to keep human alive. What makes all individuals different
are genes that are the basic unit of your genetic material? However,
possibility of changes in genes cannot be denied and that may result in genetic
disorders or different types of diseases.
Genetic Testing – What Is It and Why Is It Important?
Here, genetic testing plays an important role to identify
the changes in chromosomes, genes and proteins. Genetic tests are done to find
out the real use and structure of DNA. Put simply, such tests are done to
identify the gene that may cause genetic disorder. Such tests are done to look
for abnormalities in DNA taken from the blood, body fluids or tissues of human
body. Such tests are also ideal and important for ladies who are carrying
pregnancy to determine the risk of genetic disorders and take the right steps
to prevent them passing in your kids.
Genetic tests help specialists to examine a person’s
DNA in a variety of ways; while they are designed to identify differences
between the gene being tested. Other tests look for small changes within the
DNA. Other mistakes that can be found include genes that are too active, genes
that are turned off, or those that are lost entirely.
Different Types of
Genetic Tests to Determine the Risk of Genetic Disorders
Genetic testing procedures are divided into different categories
that include:
Molecular Genetic
Test – It is done after taking the single genes or short lengths of
DNA taken from blood, saliva or tissues to identify the large changes and small
changes like missing, altered parts within the DNA strand.
Chromosomal Genetic
Tests – Such tests are important to know about the features of a
person’s Chromosomes, structure, number and arrangements. Such tests
are undertaken in different ways that include karyotyping, fluorescent in Situ
hybridization analysis and others.
Biochemical Test –
it is done to look at the activities of key proteins. According to healthcare
specialists, genes contains the DNA code for formulation of Proteins,
activities of proteins and others. They are ideal for genetic screening in
Newborn babies. This type of test can defect infants with condition that
affects one of the many essential chemical reactions in the body.
GeneticTesting is
performed in different ways to identify the risk of genetic disorders and
prevent them passing in the next generation. Some of the common ways of such
tests include:
·
Newborn Screening and Diagnostic Testing
·
Carrier Testing and Prenatal Testing
·
Pre-implantation Testing
·
Predictive Testing and Forensic Testing
In pregnancy, same for such tests is taken from the baby by
chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis. In newborns, routine genetic screening is done for genetic
disorders. You need to reach a healthcare center where such tests are done to
ensure good health and well-being of your newborns.
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